Advertising
'Advertising pays off for Olympic sponsors Coke and McDonald's',
National Business Review, July 12 1996. One of many articles on the
Olympics and commerce--this one arguing that 'The more you spend,
the higher your recognition'.
Ambler, Tim (1998), Myths about the mind: time to end some popular
beliefs about how advertising works', International Journal Of Advertising,
17:4. Argues that the classic model of advertising effectiveness IAIDA)
ignores both experience and the way human brains work
Ambler, Tim, (2000), 'Persuasion, pride and prejudice: how ads work',
International Journal of Advertising 19. Argues the 'the difficulty
of measuring affect [of advertising] is not a good reason for ignoring
it'.
Archer, Belinda (1998), 'Now we're grown up--we can talk Tampax with
tea', The Guardian June 29. How British television advertising is
becoming more literal and less obtuse.
Bennett, Paul (1996), 'Go to work on an egg', The Socialist Standard
Sept. A savage attack on 'the lies, hypocrisy and waste' of advertising.
Binns, James (1996), 'Consumer surrealism', Adbusters Winter. Introduces
a 'Culture jamming: 24 page media activist section' in this issue
of this provocative magazine.
Brinsdon, Jill (1996), 'Hello boys! Need some new lines?', AdMedia
June. Brinsdon, the creative director of Bates Advertising, challenges
some of the practices of the male-dominated advertising industry.
Broadbent, Simon (2000), 'What do advertisements really do for brands?',
International Journal of Advertising 19. 'Branding' is the buzzword
in advertising these days, as advertising clutter intensifies. But
isn't that what they do to cattle?>
Cook, Richard (1996), 'The rebirth of cinema', Campaign May 31. Advertising
strategies associated with contemporary film-going.
Currie, Dawn H. (1997), 'Decoding feminity: advertisements and their
teenage readers', Gender & Society 11:4, August. How young girls
negotiate 'what it means to be a woman' in the glossy advertisements
of fashion magazines.
Ehrenberg, Andrew & N. Barnard (1997), 'Advertising and product
demand', Admap May. If advertising cannot persuade people to buy (as
the authors argue), then what is its purpose?
Furnham, Adrian, S. Abramsky & B. Gunter (1997), ' A cross-cultural
content analysis of children's television advertisements', Sex Roles
37:1/2. Comparisons of advertising associated with weekend children's
television in London and New York. Nothing startling in the results,
other than girls outnumbered boys in the American TVCs and boys outnumbered
girls in the British ones.
Gottschalk, Simon (1999), 'Speed culture: fast strategies in televised
commercial ads', Qualitative Sociology 22, 4. Investigates how television
advertising promotes speed (haste, acceleration)--often cited as a
symptom of postmodernity--as a normal and desirable quality of everyday
life.
Garst, Jennifer & G.V. Bodenhausen (1997), 'Advertising effects
on men's gender role attitudes', Sex Roles 36:9/10. How males read
magazine advertising images of masculinity.
Gautier, Adele (2000), 'Web wimps: Why New Zealand advertisers are
fighting shy of the Internet', Marketing Magazine June. Attempts to
explain why NZ advertising is avoiding the Internet. But, given recent
and numerous failures in e-commerce, surely caution is warranted?
Gordon, Richard (1997), 'Award-winning TV ads steal hearts and minds',
National Business Review Sept 5. Suggests that award-wqinning TVCs
are also the moist effective.
Heaven, Ross (1999), `Post-global advertising: the archetypal approach',
Admap May. Finding `anchorage in a confused and uncertain world' through
Jungian archetypes employed in advertising.
Heckman, James (1999), `Don't shoot the messenger', Marketing News
May 24. Complaints about regulatory constraints on marketing.
Hillgrove, Rich (1995), 'Is this the death of advertising?', AdMedia
September. How advertising interests in NZ are adapting to change..
Innes, David (1995), 'Rumours of my death are greatly exaggerated',
AdMedia November. The executive director of the Advertising Agencies
Association casts doubts on talk of the death of mainstream advertising,
betting $1000 of his own money that things won't change that much.
Worth keeping on file!
Jacobs, A.J. & K. Tucker (1997), 'The pauses that refreshed',
Entertainment Weekly #872, March 28. EW celebrates the '50 best [American]
commercials of all time'
Jonas, Kerry (1996), 'Does clutter matter?', Admap March. Investigates
television content that is 'anything that is not television programming',
and its impact on European viewers.
Lawson, Mark (1996), 'Nice one, Cyril: or how the television ad is
being pitched to the public as a new British art form', New Statesman
Nov 22 . About Ad Fab, a 72-minute compilation of British television
ads.
Law, Robin (1997), 'Masculinity, place, and beer advertising in New
Zealand: the Southern Man campaign', New Zealand Geographer 53 (2).
Another example of geography venturing into cultural studies territory,
with this interesting analysis of the Speight's beer campaign on New
Zealand television
Leonard, Mark (1998), 'Sinister secrets of the admen', New Statesman
14 August. An insider's view of the self-grading world of marketing.
Macdonald, Gavin (1999), 'Is the way we understand advertising changing?',
Admap November. Doubts about the effectiveness of 'cool' advertising
targeted at teens.
Mangleburg, Tamara F. & T. Bristol (1998), `Socialization and adolescents'
skepticism toward advertising', Journal of Advertising XXVII:3. Explains
the sources of scepticism about television advertising.
MacKay, Natalie J. & C. Covell (1997), 'The impact of women in
advertisements on attitudes toward women', Sex Roles 36:9/10. Nothing
new but it tends to support other research on a correlation betwen
sex image advertisements in magazines and negative attitudes to feminism.
Mckenzie, Andrew (1999), 'From ad to worse', The Australian Nov 4.
The threat of big changes hanging over Australian ad agencies.
McDonough, John (1996), '25 Years of Self-regulation', Advertising
Age Dec 2. How the American advertising industry protects its interests.
McFall, Liz (2000), 'A Mediating Institution?: Using an Historical
Study of Advertising Practice to Rethink Culture and Economy', Cultural
Values 4:3, July. Reviews the role accorded to advertising in recent
critical work
McKenzie, Stuart (1996), 'Television turns on', Midwest Nine. Argues
for advertisingas art, particularly in its exploration of sexuality.
Mclennan, Peter (1995/96), 'Under the Milky Way', Pavement 14, Dec/Jan.
Using American popular culture to market milk in cartons to New Zealand
youth.
McVey, Kathy (1995), 'The sound of advertising', AdMedia August.
Where those voices on TV and radio adverts come from.
Moriarty, S.E. & S-L. Everett (1994), 'Commercial breaks: a viewing
behaviour study', Journalism Quarterly 71:2, Summer. Watching viewers
watching television suggests that 90 percent used the remote to avoid
commercial breaks. The kind of research there should be more of!
O'Donohoe, Stephanie & Caroline Tynan (1998), 'Beyond sophistication:
dimensions of advertising literacy', International Journal of Advertising
17:4. Argues that academic work on language and literacy theory can
usefully inform advertising practice.
O'Guinn, Thomas C. & L.J. Schrum (1997), 'The role of television
in the construction of consumer reality', Journal of Consumer Research
v. 23, March. A rather convoluted research project which concludes
that television is an important agent in creating desires for what
other people have.
Ogilvy, David (1996), '15 bees in my bonnet', Admap Dec. A renowned
adman gives his views on advertising (one suggestion: 'Abolish singing
commercials').
Parker-Pope, Tara (1995), 'Who takes ads lying down?', National Business
Review Aug 25. Reports on US research which concludes that '73% of
consumers believe advertisers regularly mislead or exaggerate a product's
benefits'.
Pappas, Charles (2000), 'Ad nauseum', Advertising Age July 10. The
relentless 'ad creep' in public and private spaces.
Ritson, Mark & Richard Elliott (1999), 'The social uses of advertising:
an ethnographic study of adolescent advertising audiences', Journal
of Consumer Research 26. Shifts the focus of research from individual
adolescents, to the role advertising plays in the social contexts
of group interactions amongst English high school students.
Romei, Stephen (2000), 'Reality in wings as nerd money swamps Super
Bowl', The Australian Jan 31. Describes the millions of dollars lavished
on Super Bowl advertising in January.
Rose, Gregory M., V.D. Bush & L. Kahle (1998), `The influence of
family communication patterns on parental reactions toward advertising:
a cross-national examination', Journal of Advertising XXVII:4. International
comparisons (the US and Japan) of attitudes to children's advertising.
Sengupta, Subir (1995), 'the influence of culture on portrayals of
women in television commercials: a comparison between the United States
and Japan', International Journal of Advertising 14 . Concludes with
the not very startling assertion that 'advertisements are to a large
extent a reflection of society'.
Sutherland, Max (1995), 'How our minds process advertising', AdMedia
September. Explains 'how we can be tricked into thinking we already
know something'.
Tapscott, Don (1996), 'The rise of the Net-Generation', Advertising
Age Oct 14. In the same marketing-speak which pushed 'Generation X',
this article announces the arrival of the 'N-Gen'. The recommendation
to marketer's is 'Give them options to buy their loyalty'.
Tellis, Gerard J. & Doyle L. Weiss (1995), 'Does TV advertising
really affect sales? The role of measures, models, and data aggregation',
Journal of Advertising XXIV:3, Fall. Further suggestions that the
estimated effects of TV advertising on households' brand choices are
weak and rarely significant'.
Thompson, Gordon Jon (1997), 'Anchor ads controversial to the end',
Waikato Times June 3. Waikato farmers cast doubts on the ability of
the continuing story of the Anchor family to sell any more milk.
'Vatican stress need for moral advertising', Advertising Age March
10, 1997. Describes the recently-released Vatican handbook Ethics
in Advertising.
Welland, Paul (1996), 'Soft options, hard sell', The Guardian Dec
21. An award-winning ad director argues that British advertising 'has
lost its way'.
Wong, Gilbert (1997), 'They've got you taped', New Zealand Herald
Jan 24. How social science research is being employed to put us into
rigid categories, for the purposes of marketing i.e. are you a 'Go-Getter'
or a 'Passive'?
Zufryden, Fred S. (1996), 'Linking advertising to box office performance
of new film releases--a marketing planning model', Journal of Advertising
Research, July/Aug. Maximising profits for new film releases.
Audience Research
Cook, Richard (1998), 'Tackling the problem of increased TV ad zapping',
Campaign 25 Sept. A foolow-up to the Green article below, speculating
on ways of reaching absent TV ad viewers.
Cooper, Roger (1996), 'The status and future of audience duplication
research:an assessment of ratings-based theories of audience behavior',
Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 40. Examines prevailing
theories on viewer choice of programmes, arguing that 'both the impact
of structure on individual choice and the impact of individual choice
on structure' must be central to any investigations.
Dickerson, Paul (1996), 'Let me tell us who I am: the discursive
construction of viewer identity', European Journal of Communication
11 (1). Argues that 'Just as viewing television can be best understood
as a contextually located activity, so talking about viewing behaviour
can be fruitfully explored with reference to the context in which
it occurs'.
Edmondson, Brad (1997), 'TV execs to Nielsen: get SMART', American
Demographics October. Describes the new Systems for Measuring and
Reporting Television (SMART), an attempt to overcome the inadequacies
of current audience measurement--which is described as 'like trying
to shovel smoke'.
Fairchild, Charles (1996), 'What you want when you want it: altering
consumption and consuming alternatives', Media, Culture & Societyv.18.
How, through marketing, so-called 'alternative' music has become just
another genre--or more specifically--'a category of inventory disguised
as a musical genre, emtirely invented and engineered as a marketing
tool'.
Foss, Karen A. & A.F. Alexander (1996), 'Exploring the margins
of television viewing', Communication Reports 9:1, Winter. Examines
viewers at the 'margins', that is, self-defined heavy viewers and
nonviewers who neither own nor watch television. Both groups to freely
and uncritically resort to 'addiction'metaphors.
Fost, Dan (1998), 'Growing older, but not up', American Demographics
Sept. Boys and their toys.
Gosschalk, Brian (1997), 'Research on research: attitudes to the
industry', Admap 1997. How market research is regarded in Britain.
Green, Harriet (1998), 'Half of UK viewers shun TV ad breaks', Campaign
18 Sept. British research confirms what we already suspect.
Gwilliam, Jane (1997), 'Baby Boomers--the same the world over?, Admap
October. The 'rules' for communication with an entire generation,
who 'need to be treated as adults' (I thought they already were!).
Kreitzman, Leon (1997), 'Older people and the media', Journal of
Communication Management 2,1. Information on the media use of the
'older' (ie over 50) segment of the British population.
Lealand, Geoff (1997), Ratings and More Damn Ratings: Measuring Television
Viewing in New Zealand. Paper to the Screen Producers & Directors
Association conference, Wellington, November 6-8. A 19pp paper I wrote
for my participation in 'The Ratings Game' panel at the SPADA conference.
It details my analysis and criticism of the structure and use of Peoplemeter
ratings, the primary currency of contemporary television
Livingstone, Sonia (1998), 'Audience research at the crossroads:
thev 'implied audience' in media and cultural theory', European Journal
of Cultural Studies 1(2). Argues for new directions for audience research,
moving beyond the canon of reception research through challenges to
theories of the 'implied audience'.
Livingstone, Sonia (1995), 'On the difficulties of measuring everyday
experience', Semiotica 104. A critique of Kubey and Csikszentminhalyi's
Television and the Quality of Life.
Lunt, Peter & S. Livingstone (1996), 'Rethinking the focus group
in media and communications research', Journal of Communication 46(2),
Spring. A very useful analysis of a very useful research method.
Macleod, Sandra (1988), 'The power of the media and how to measure
it', Journal of Communication Management 2:4. The standard PR approach
to media.
Moon, Nick (1997), 'How not to misinterpret opinion polls', Admap
April. How to sort out the useful from the superficial in opinion
polling.
Nelson, Robin (1996), 'From Twin Peaks, USA, to lesser peaks, UK:
Building the postmodern TV audience', Media, Culture & Society,
v. 18. How market research was instrumental in the development of
the UK series Heartbeat.
Perse, Elizabeth M. (1996), 'Sensation seeking and the use of television
for arousal', Communication Reports 9:1, Winter. Research which supports
the not-very-revolutionary contention that 'arousal and uses and gratifications'
offer ways of understanding 'the appeal in certain types of media
content for different people'.
Rae, Bernadette (1997), 'Fill in the Blanks Generation', New Zealand
Herald Aug 9. Details research done by Bates Advertising , on the
New Zealand 'youth market'. But it really only posites another set
of generalisations, against the much-quoted generalisations about
'Generation X'.
Riggs, Karen E. (1996), 'Television use in a retirement community',
Journal of Communication 46 (1), Winter. A study of television use
in a retirement community of well-educated, upper middle-class Americans
shows that they actively seek out 'quality' and news-oriented programming,
as a means of participating in their own and the wider community.
Silman, Richard & J. Samuels (1997), 'Who are the TV Rejectors',
Admap April. It seems that even those people who don't watch TV advertisers
get shoved into a demographic!
Stipp, Horst (1997), 'Confessions of a Nielsen Household', American
Demographics March. Interesting insights into how TV ratings are constructed
in the US. I wonder, thought, how an employee of NBC managed to get
on the Nielson panel. But he does make the very pertinent comment,
' Remember, it's just an estimate.'
Syfret, Toby (1995), 'Measuring television audiences beyond 2001',
Admap November. Whether or not peoplemeters will be adequate in the
future.
'What we watched in 1995: The Top 50 Programmes', National Business
Review , Jan 19 1996. A two-page spread which also appeared in major
daily newspapers in early January. Who put it in is not clear but
it could be useful for interrogating who the 'we' is and what is meant
by 'watched'--or compare the results with what your students watch.
Censorship
Barber, Lynden (1997), 'Bans comeback', The Weekend Australian June
28-29. How censorship forces are re-emerging in Australia.
Copyright Issues
Carter, Jeff (1995), 'The copyright question', Cable in the Classroom
October. A guide to off-air recording rights and obligations in the
USA.
Whiteley, Sheila (1997), 'The Sound of Silence': Academic freedom
and copyright', Popular Music 16:2. The problems of gaining access
to original texts--in this case, for the study of poular music lyrics.
Cultural Studies
Ang, Ien & Jon Stratton (1997), 'The Singapore way of multiculturalism:
Western concepts/Asian cultures', New Formations 31, Spring/Summer
1997. The contradictions of living in Singapore; at once thoroughly
Western but also resolutely Asian.
Conway, Matt (1996), 'Homer Simpson and the Kiwi cultural revolution',
Sunday Star-Times Jan 21. An interesting feature on American popular
culture in New Zealand.
Dahlgren, Peter (1998), 'Meaning and/vs. information in Media Studies',
Society and Leisure 21:1. Introducing the field of Media Studies to
those who work with other theoretical frameworks.
de Carvalho, Mario Viera (1995), 'From opera to 'soap opera': on
civilizing processes, the dialectic of enlightenment and postmodernity',
Theory, Culture & Society 12. Argues that 'Adorno's, Eisler's
and Brecht's critiques of mass culture are no longer relevant in that
'media culture' has become globalized'.
Frow, John (1998), 'Is Elvis a god? Cult, culture, questions of method',
International Journal of Cultural Studies 1(2). Questions of the sacred,
the secular and dead cult figures.
Garnett, Tony (1998), 'Notes for the Raymond Williams Memorial Lecture',
Critical Quarterly 40:3. A highlyn regarded British TV producer reflects
on the future of British television.
Gitlin, Todd (1998), 'Pop goes the culture', US News & World
Report June 1. Gitllin speculates on what the 21st century might look
like, dominated by 'Popular culture...the oxygen of our collective
life'.
Hewison, Robert (1997), 'At last, a government that isn't shy of
talking about culture.', New Statesman 1 August. Describes Labour's
plans to rename the Department of National Heritage as the Department
of Culture, Media and Sport--a 'turning point' in perceptions of public
culture.
Kaplan, Caren (1995), 'A world without boundaries: The Body Shop's
trans/national geography', Social Text 43, Fall. The duplicity of
global business--in this case The Body Shop, which is accused of 'protesting
so vigorously against what it performs so well' , ie 'feel-good capitalism'.
An excellent article.
McRobbie, Angela & Sarah L. Thornton (1995), 'Rethinking 'moral
panic' for multi-mediated social worlds', British Journal of Sociology
46:4, Dec. Argues that the concept of 'moral panic' should be revised,
to take account of how campaigns against 'deviance' are now more openly
contested.
Morley, David (1998), 'So-called cultural studies: dead ends and
reinvented wheels', Cultural Studies 12.4, Oct. Argues with popular
and academic attacks on cultural studies, suggesting that the 'contributions
of cultural studies over the last twenty years have now so transformed
our field of study that the critic' proposed return to 'The Good Old
Ways' may simply no longer be possible (even if it were desirable)'.
Morris, Meaghan (1998), 'Publishing perils, and how to survive them:
a guide for graduate students', Cultural Studies 12(4), Oct. A basic
(and cleared-headed) introduction to the practicalities of getting
published in academic journals.
Mumby, Dennis K. (1997), 'Modernism, Postmodernism, and Communication
Studies: a rereading of an ongoing debate', Communication Theory 7:1.
Ranges across difficult copncepts, attempting to find connections
rather than differences.
O'Shea, Alan (1998), 'A special relationship? Cultural studies, academia
and pedagogy', Cultural Studies 12(4), Oct. Confronts a vexing question
for academics: how to deal with new kinds of students who do not necessrily
take 'either traditional cultural capital or literacy for granted'.
'Saluting Coca-Cola contours', ProDesign Feb/March 1996. Coverage
of the winning entry for a New Zealand version of the Coke bottle.
Read this in conjunction with Jenny Collett's article 'The Coca Cola
bottle: a tribute to indigenous art or the corporate face of coonisation?
in the New Zealand Journal of Media Studies 2:2
Taylor, Millie & Ruth Towse (1998), 'The value of performers'
rights: an economic approach', Media, Culture & Society 20. Argues
that changes in copyright laws have more to do with market returns
than the intellectual rights of cultural producers.
Wark, McKenzie (1997), 'Cultural war zone', The Australian Oct 1.
An excerpt from Wark's new book The Virtual Republic: Australia's
Culture Wars of the 1990s.
Willis, Paul (1998), 'Notes on common ground: towards a grounded
aesthetic', European Journal of Cultural Studies 1(2). Argues for
a theory of 'symbolic work' and 'symbolic creativity' ,resulting in
'symbolic extension', in contemporary youth culture.
Film-Australia
Barber, Lynden, (1998), 'Dire projections', Weekend Australian Oct
12-13. How 'corporate cinema expansion is threatening Australia's
dwindling band of independent screens'.
Collie, Ian & David Williams (1997), 'A question of moral rights',
Sydney Morning Herald Nov 17. Argument and counter-argument about
intellectual ownership of films.
Dale, David (1997), 'From Ned to Croc', The Sydney Morning Herald
Dec 2. How the SMH has covered film over 50,000 issues of the newspaper.,p.
Barber, Lynden (1997), 'Disquiet on the set', The Australian Feb 19.
The 1997 Gonski Report on funding film-making in Australia.
Barber, Lynden (1997), 'Stop it, quirky features', The Weekend Australian
Jan 18-19. Argues for abolition of the over-used term 'quirky' in
respect of Australian film.
Berryman, Ken (1996), '100 key Australian films', Cinema Papers February.
An interesting ranking of important Australian films. I have real
problems with Picnic At Hanging Rock in the No. 1 slot!
Jackson, Sally (1997), 'Film's harsh focus on the bottom line', The
Weekend Australian May 10-11. The current fragile state of film funding
in Australia.
Martin, Lauren (1997), 'Coming of age - again', Sydney Morning Herald
Nov 17. The resurgance of Australian cinema.,p. Nicklin, Lenore (1997),
'Hard celluloid', The Bulletin Mar 25. Shine and the funding of Australian
films.
Urban, Andrew L. (1997), 'All the right movies', The Weekend Australian
July 5-6. New initiatives in indigenous film-making in Australia.
Urban, Andrew L. (1997), 'Movie-goers look for some direction', The
Australian Sept 10. Worries about too many films being released on
the Australian market (300 in 1997, 28 new titles in November).
Film-Britain
Christie, Ian (1997), 'Will Lottery money assure the British film
industry?', New Statesman June 20. Arguments for funding British film-making.
Goodridge, Mike (1995), 'A dead cert?', Marketing Business November.
A report on how 'a market-led approach can help breathe life back
into the dying UK film industry'.
Film-General
Adams, Phillip (1998), 'The flicks are losing their lead', Weekend
Australian Jan 10-11. Adams argues that film-going is losing its unique
edge to television. But the remarkable incease in film admissions
in Australia and New Zealand tends to contradict this.
Agresti, Alan & Larry Winner (1997), 'Evaluationg agreement and
disagreement among movie reviewers', Chance 10:2. A curious piece
of research, examining how often movie reviewers agree with each other.
Altman, Rick (1995), 'The sound of sound: a brief history of the
reproduction of sound in movie theaters', Cineaste 21:1-2. One of
an interesting special section on 'Sound and Music in the Movies'.
Appleyard, Bryan (1997), 'Stanley Kubrick's split image', The Weekend
Australian Aug 16-17. One of the most peculiar figures in contemporary
film-making.
Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca (1997), 'Tales from the script', Entertainment
Weekly Aug 8. Three American scriptwriters talk about their profession.
Barber, Lynden (1998), 'Death of the serial killer', The Australian
August 13. A prediction that the serial murder movie is in decline.
Barber, Lynden (1998), 'Great expectations", The Weekend Australian
Jan 3-4. The difficult task of adapting literature for the film screen
and satisfying a range of expectations.
Barber, Lynden (1997), 'A great movie, wasn't it?', The Weekend Australian
June 7-8. Describes the revival of classic films(eg The Big Sleep,
Casablanca) in new prints .
Barber, Lynden (1998), 'Original sins', Weekend Australian Oct 22.
The 'flourishing culture of plagiarism' in current Hollywood films.
Bazzini, Doris G. et al (1997), 'The ageing woman in popular film:
underrepresented, unattractive, unfriendly, and unintelligent', Sex
Roles 36:7/8. Examines 100 top-grossing films of the 1940s-1980s,
to conclude that such films promote a double standard in relation
to gender and age.
Benton, Michael, M. Dolan & R. Zisch (1997), 'Teen films: an
annotated bibliography', Journal of Popular Film & Television
25:2, Summer. A useful resource.
Broadbent, S & J. Grahame (1996), 'Shooting the canon: big films
of big books', The English & Media Magazine 35, Autumn. Highly
instructive interviews with producer Duncan Kenworthy and screenwriter
Simon Moore, who were responsible for the innovative television adaptation
ofGulliver's Travels.
Cerexhe, Peter (1995), 'Home sweet box office', The Independent Monthly
Nov. Likely costs involved in new ways of watching films at home.
Conn, Andrew Lewis (1997), 'Star Wars: always' [and] Robert Horton
'Star Wars: enough a'ready' , Film Comment May-June. Two conflicting
views on the return of Star Wars.
Corliss, Richard (1996), 'The invasion has begun', Time July 8. The
return of sci-fi film and television.
Cremen, Christine (1998), 'Out of the box', Weekend Australian Nov
7-8. Recycling old television programmes into feature films.
Danan, Martine(1996), 'Marketing the Hollywood Blockbuster in France',
Journal of Popular Film & Television. Strategies for maintaining
a 'delicate balance between the local and the global', with the French
film-going public giving 'mixed signals' about the former.
Dowell, Pat (1995), 'The mythology of the Western: Hollywood perspectives
on race and gender in the Nineties', Cineaste 21:1-2. Reflections
on the reappearance of the Western genre.
Edwards, Denis (1997), 'Truly, madly, cheaply', Quote Unquote March.
A New Zealand scriptwriter provides advice on writing for film. (Note:
it is a shame that this magazine has gone under)
Ehrenstein, David (1996), 'Film in the age of video', Film Quarterly.
What is good and bad about watching films in video format.
'The 50 Most Important Independent Films', Filmmaker: The Magazine
of Independent Film, 5:1, Fall 1996. To celebrate five years of Filmmaker,
the editors asked a range of critics to nominate the best American
'indie' films, with most choices being films of the 1980s and 1990s.
Forshey, Gerald E. (1997), The English Patient: from novel to screenplay,
Creative Screenwriting Summer. The judgements and selections in turning
book into film.
Gabler, Neal (1997), 'The end of the middle', The New York Times
Magazine Nov 16. Anopening article in a fascinating special issue
of this magazine, devoted to 'The Two Hollywoods' and the relationship
between mainstream film, and the independent sector. Other articles
cover actors, directors, screnwriters, prodcers and funding--and an
interview with Tarantino.
Gabler, Neal (1998), 'Molding our lives in the image of movies',
New York Times Oct 25. An extract from Gabler's book Life the Movie:
How Entertainment Conquered Reality. Interesting but rather over-stated!
Grant, Barry K. (1996), 'Rich and strange: the yuppie horror film',
Journal of Film & Video 48:1-2, Spring/Summer. A new slant on
film genre.
Gross, Larry (1995), 'Big and loud', Sight and Sound August. A noted
screenwriter writes on the appeal of big budget action movies.
Grove, Lloyd (1997), '25 films added to registry', Washington Post
Nov 19. The 25 films added to the Library of Congress National Film
Registry. They include The Bridge on the River Kwai, Mean Streets
and The Big Sleep.
Hampton, Howard (1997), 'Scorpio descending: in search of rock cinema',
Film Comment Mar/Apr. A critical perspective on the connections between
popular music and film.
Herd, Juliet (1996), 'Crash: art or erotic trash?', The Weekend Australian
Nov 30-Dec 1. The controversy over Cronenberg's 1996 film.
Hollingworth, David & S. Ridley (1996), 'Cybermovie mania', internet.au
June. Movies about computer culture.
Jacobs, A.J. & C. Nashawaty (1997), 'The price ain't right',
Entertainment Weekly May 23. The rising price of movie tickets and
other entertainment in the USA.
Jones, Kent (1996), 'The summer of our malcontent', Film Comment
Sept/Oct. A defence of contemporary mainstream cinema, along the lines
of 'I hated every second of Independence Day, but I can't fault the
people who enjoyed it, or consider them 'dupes' of 'the system''.
Kilday, Gregg (1996), 'Box office report', Entertainment Weekly Sept
6. The winners and loser in the Summer 1996 American film season.
Kilday, Gregg & A. Thompson (1996), 'To infinity and below',
Entertainment Weekly Feb 2. Interesting facts, successes and failures
of the 1995 box office for American films.
Kitson, Michael (1995), 'The rise of the boutique or the New Nickleodeon',
Cinema Papers Dec. Shifts in film exhibition in Australia.
Klady, Leonard (1997), 'Same old song and dance', Film Comment Mar/Apr.
The American box office in 1996.
Klinger, Barbara (1998), 'The new media aristocrats: home theater
and the domestic film experience', The Velvet Light Trap 42, Fall.
Argues that, in these days of technological change, assumptions about
what constitutes 'true' cinema and its experience should be reconsidered.
Kunio, Nishimura (1997), The rediscovered world of Japanese cinema',
Look Japan October. As in other countries, local films (the animated
feature The Princess Nononoke) are out-grossing The Lost World: Jurassic
Park.
Martin, Adrian (1995), 'The gloves come off', Cinema Papers Dec.
An Australian critic champions the film criticism of American critic
Jonathan Rosenbaum.
McMahon, Liz (1996), 'Cinema and video audience research', Admap
Oct. How movie audiences are measured in the UK.
Menand, Louis (1996), 'Hollywood's trap', The New York Review of
Books, Sept 19. Possibly a good example of what Jones is arguing against,
in its claims that films such as The Nutty Professor and The Rock
'want..to say nothing'.
'Moments out of time', Film Comment Jan/Feb 1997. The high moment
of film in 1996.
Murphy, Kathleen (1996), Frames clicks on multimedia', Film Comment
March/April. Reviews film resources available on CD-Rom.
Naremore, James (1995), 'American Flm Noir: the history of an idea',
Film Quarterly 49:2, Winter. Discusses the origins, and persistence,
of film noir as a film style.
Norman, Jean (1997), 'The difference between boys and girls', Sunday
Star-Times May 25. A diatribe about film for women.
Obst, Lynda (1996), 'How to make amovie', Entertainment Weekly Sept
6. Extracts from a veteran film producer's new book Hello, He Lied--and
Other Truths from the Hollywood Trenches.
Olson, Scott R. (1996), 'College course file: studiesin genre--horror',
Journal of Film & Video 48:1-2, Spring/Summer. Interesting ideas
for teaching horror film.
O'Neill, John (1995), 'So you want to write for the movies...' ,
The Independent Monthly Nov. The trials of screenwriting in Australia.
O'Neill, Helen (1996), 'Guerillas of film', The Australian Sept 4
Roger Corman and Australian film-makers discuss the future of low
budget film-making.
Prince, Stephen (1996), 'True Lires: perceptual realism, digital
images, and film theory', Film Quarterly. How film theory needs to
catch up with contemporary film techniques.
Rubey, Dan (1978/1997), 'Not so long ago, not so far away', Jump
Cut 41. A reprint of a pioneering essay, to acknowledge the re-release
of the Star Wars trilogy.
Schickel, Richard (1998), 'Mind slips: remembering and disremembering
movies', Film Comment 34:5, Sept/Oct. The renowned film critic muses
on the AFI's '100 greatest American movies' list.
Schiff, Laura (1998), 'The changing face of the horror film--ten
rules for today's market', Creative Screenwriting Sept/Oct. The 'ten
cardinal rules for writing saleable horror films in today's changing
markeplace'.
Sconce, Jeffrey ''Trashing' the academy: taste, excess, and an emerging
politics of cinematic style', Screen 36:4, Winter. Argues for the
aesthetics of 'trash' in cinema, extending Bourdieu's concept of 'taste'
as distaste for the preferences of others.
Sharky, Timothy (1997), 'The teen film and its methods of study',
Journal of Popular Film & Television 25:1, Spring. A spirited
defence of teen movies.,p. 'Siskel & Ebert On Line', Yahoo! Internet
Life, Sept 1996. The two wise-guys of US film reviewing discuss the
best film sites on the Internet.
Snider, Burr (1995), 'The Toy Story story', Wired Dec. The technology
behind one of the best films of 1995.
'Star Wars', The Economist March 22 1997. The business problems of
contemporary Hollywood. Includes useful tables eg the average costs
of film-making in Hollywood, 1982-1996.
Svetkey, Benjamin (1996), 'Who killed the Hollywood screenplay?',
Entertainment Weekly Oct 4. Bewails the state of contemporary screenwriting.
Tashiro, Charles (1997), 'The contradictions of video collecting',
Film Quarterly 50:2, Winter. A reflective piece on the strange pursuit
of collecting films on video.
Thompson, Anne (1996), 'Is bigger better?', Film Comment March/April.
Another examination of the 1995 American film box office.
Thompson, Anne (1995), 'Toy wonder', Entertainment Weekly December
8. The making of the 1995 hit movie Toy Story.
Thompson, Gary (1998), 'Lost the plot', The Weekend Australian Aug
15-16. Argues that 'audiences jaded by computer-generated images want
stories, not just spectacles'.
Tonkin, Boyd (1996), '100 films that changed the world', New Statesman
& Society Feb 16. The 100 films (arranged chronologically) which
had some significant impact - for good or ill - on the shape of twentieth
century society.
'The Top 10 Film Lines', Weekend Australian Oct 17-18 1998. The Guiness
Book of Film's version of most memorable film dialogue.
Tu, Janet I-Chin (1996), 'Film casts a net', Seattle Post-Intelligencer,
January 21. A feature article on film sites on the Internet.
Tudor, Andrew (1997), 'Why horror? The peculiar pleasures of a popular
genre', Cultural Studies 11(3). Examines why we enjoy, and want to
enjoy, horror movies.
Summerfield, Gideon (1996), 'How Babe changed movie making', Internet
January. The 'vital role' the Internet played in the making of the
1996 hit movie Babe.
Wasser, Frederick (1995), 'Is Hollywood America? The trans-nationalization
of the American film industry', Critical Studies in Mass Communication
12. An interesting article which argues that, from the 1970s, Hollywood
shifted its emphasis from the American film-goer to international
markets.
Widdicombe, Rupert (1997), 'Suddenly, everybody's a Spielberg--sort
of', The Weekend Australian Aug 9-10. How new technology make make
all of us film-makers.
Williams, Sue (1996), 'Cinema smorgasbord', The Weekend Australian
Aug 3/Sept 1. Food as a 'central player' in contemporary film.
Williams, Linda Ruth (1996), 'Nothing to find', Sight and Sound January.
A critique of Verhoeven's Showgirls, the dud of 1995.
Film-New Zealand
Broatch, Mark (1995), 'Moviegoing', Quote Unquote December. Speculations
on why New Zealanders go to the movies. Mark's 'Pop Vox' column is
a great addition to this magazine.
Bruzi, Stella (1995), 'Tempestuous petticoats: costume and desire
in The Piano', Screen 36:3, Autumn. One of three articles in 'The
Piano Debate' in this issue of Screen. The other two are Lynda Dyson
'The return of the repressed? Whiteness, feminity and colonialism
in The Piano' and Sue Gillett 'Lips and fingers: Jane Campion's The
Piano'.
Calder, Peter (1998), 'Lord' leads biz', Variety Oct 19-25. Variety's
annual spotlight on the New Zealand film and television industry,
with contributions ftrom Calder and Paul Smith.
Edwards, Denis (1996), 'Get it in writing', Quote Unquote April.
Advice on avoiding ownership quarrels over film scripts.
Goldson, Annie (1995), 'Getting the picture', Women's Studies Journal
11: 1-2, Aug. Academic and film/video maker Annie Goldson writes about
her film Wake
Goldson, Annie (1997), 'Piano recital', Screen 38:3, Autumn. Describes
the reception of Janer Campion's The Piano in New Zealand.,p. Heal,
Andrew (1997), Horror story', Metro Dec. Bitching about the New Zealand
Film Commission, echoing complaints which have already been aired
in Onfilm.
Herrick, Linda (1996), 'The Kiwi 'kid' in Hollywood', Sunday Star-Times
Jan 21. Lee Tamahori and his first American feature film.
Hight, Craig & Jane Roscoe (1997), 'Forgotten Silver: An exercise
in deconstructing documentaries', Metro 112. Provides a good way to
study documentary, using the New Zealand 'mockdoc' Forgotten Silver
(1995).
McLauchlan (1995), 'Over the mune', North & South October. An
interesting profile of film-maker Ian Mune.
Murphy, Kathleen (1997), 'Totems and taboos: civilization and its
discoents according to Lee Tamahori', Film Comment Sept/Oct. New Zealand
film-makers hit the big time. This cover article reviews the work
of New Zealand film-maker Lee Tamahori, from Once Were Warriors to
his latest, The Edge.
Norgrove, Aaron (1998), 'But is it music? The crisis of identity
in The Piano', Race & Class 40, 1. Jane Champion's 1993 film continues
to generate academic criticism.
'Outlook at the Movies', The Dominion March 26 1996. A useful classroom
resource on the earliest days of New Zealand film.
Puttnam, David (1996). 'Film industry will need helping hand', New
Zealand Herald Nov 27. In his address to the Screen Producers and
DirectorsAssn forum, Sir Dave argues for more government involvement
in New Zealand film-making.
Reid, Graham (1997), 'The advice: drop your shorts', New Zealand
Herald Nov 26. American film producer Peter Broderick (a visitor to
the Nov SPADA conference) gives his views on the wisdom of funding
short films.
Roberts, Hugh (1995), 'Standing upright here', New Zealand Books
5:4 (issue 20), Oct. A very literary analysis of recent New Zealand
film successes.
Sheeran, Garry (1996), 'Cinema industry brings home bacon', Sunday
Star-Times Jan 21. A feature in the 'Money' section on the healthy
state of film-going in New Zealand.
Simmons, Laurence (1996), 'A little clunky and manic...', Midwest
10. A interview with New Zealand film-maker Peter Jackson. This issue
also includes Costa Botes on Bad Taste, Gwynneth Porter on Meet the
Feebles, Alan Jones on Braindead, Barbara Creed on Heavenly Creatures
and Thierry Jutel on Forgotten Silver.
Sklar, Robert (1995), 'Social realism with style: an interview with
Lee Tamahori', Cineaste XXI:3. Our 'Kiwi kid' makes a big impression
on a renowned American film critic.
Media and Children/Youth
Adams, Phillip (1997), 'Lambs to consumer slaughter', The Weekend
Australian Mar 8-9. Strong views from Adams on children and television,
and an extended plug for the Australian Children's Television Foundation.
Adams, Phillip (1997), 'Toontime draws to the quick', The Weekend
Australian July 5-6. Phillip really like The Simpsons!
Alexander, Alison & M.A. Morrison (1995), 'Electric toyland and
the structures of power: an analysis of critical studies on children
as consumers', Critical Studies in Mass Communication 12:3, Sept.
An examination of Kline, Seiter and Kinder as three major writers
who provide different critical/cultural theoretical perspectives on
children's culture.
Austin, Eric Weintraub, C. Knaus & A. Meneguelli (1998), 'Who
talks how to their kids about TV: a clarification of demographic correlates
about parental mediation patterns', Communication Research Reports
14(4). American research, based on telephone surveys, suggests that
'demographics hold little value for explaining why and how parents
hold particular attitudes or engage in particulat behaviors relevant
to television and parenting'.
Bell, Richard (1997), 'Time for Telebye-bye', Cult TV October. One
example of the development of Teletubbies as an adult cult object.,p.
Bulmer, Alice (1998), 'Battles of the box', Little Treasures Oct/Nov.
New Zealand perspectives on television and its youngest viewers.
Brabazon, Tara (1996), 'Post-youth culture & the politics of
memory', Youth Studies Australia June. Style and forgetfulness in
the youth culture of the 1990s.
Buckingham, David & M. Allerton (1996), Fear, fright and distress.
A review of research on children's 'negative' emotional responses
to television. Broadcasting Standards Council [UK] Research Working
Paper, 12. A considered review of research, which properly regards
the relationship between children and television as complex rather
than simple.
Bin Zhao & G. Murdock (1996), 'Young pioneers: children and the
maling of Chinese consumerism', Cultural Studies 10(2). A wonderfully
insightful and original piece of academic writing, focusing on a case
study of the craze for Transformer toys among Chinese children in
1989. The best article I have read this year--and I have read a few!
Carvell, Tim & Joe McGowan (1996), 'Showdown in Toontown', Fortune
Oct 28. The battle for the children's television market in the US.
Includes a sketch of the attitude of 'America's youth' to television.
Chan-Olmsted, Sylvia M. (1996), 'From Sesame Street to Wall Street:
an analysis of market competition in commercial children's television',
Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 40. Competition and
its consequences in US children's television, with recommendations
for policymakers.
Christenson, Peter (1994), 'Childhood patterns of music uses and
preferences', Communication Reports 7:2, Summer. Suggests that 'the
gravitation toward pop or rock music usually associated with early
adolescence, in fact, begins much earlier'.
Collingwood, Harris (1997), 'The Spot', WorkingWoman May. The characteristics
of the post-1965 generation (so-called 'GenerationX').
Cottrell, Sonia (1996), 'The video playing fields', AdMedia February.
Marketing video games to New Zealand teenagers.
Davis, Mark (1998), 'Sick wicked culture; the global politics of
regional youth', AQ Sept-Oct. Davis, the author of Gangland: Cultural
Elites and the New Generationalism (1997), defends comtemporary youth
against the 'demonisation' of the media.
Denby, David (1996), 'Buried Alive', The New Yorker July 15. A churlish,
bad-tempered diatribe against 'the avalanche of crud' in contemporary
children's culture. Despite the tendency of Denbyto mythologise his
own childhood, there is much to agree with here.
Di Stasio, Michael (1995), 'Lights, camera...reaction. Television
and videoclip technology-who controls the dial?'. Paper to the NZ
Association for Research in Education conference, Massey University.
Interesting research on young Australian adolescents' viewing of music
videos.
Doi, David J. (1998), 'The myth of teen violence', State Government
News, April. Argues that media reports of violent crime distort the
role of teens as perpetrators.
Eastman, Wayne (1995), 'Crisis, what crisis? Making television work
for young children', Canadian Children 20:2, Fall. Advice of mixed
value regarding television and young children
Farhi, Paul (1998), 'Teens starting to rule network's programming',
Washington Post Oct 21. Teen programming on US television.
Funk, J.B. & D.D. Buchman (1996), 'Playing violent video and
computer games and adolescent self-concept', Journal of Communication
46(2), Spring. Suggests that a preference for violent video games
is not significantly related to self-concept.
Frankiss, Wendy (1997), 'Stocking up for Christmas', CA Magazine
December. Citing the merchandising blitz associated with Teletubbies
in the UK, this is a surprisingly critical view of marketing to children
(for an accountants journal!).
Freeman, Matt (1997), 'Electronic media and how kids (don't) think',
The Education Digest November. Calls on Jane Healy and Neil Postman
to doubt the efficacy of electronic learning.
Frenette, Micheline & Andre H. Caron (1995), 'Children and interactive
television: research and design issues', Convergence 1:1. Discusses
the relationship between children and television, and the possibilities
of age-appropriate interactive television content. From a new interesting
journal Convergence: The Journal of Research into New Media Technologies.
Gladwell, Malcolm (1998), 'Do parents matter?, The New Yorker Aug
17 1998. This presents a 'radical new theory' about how children are
socialised but it isn't all that radical when you realise that its
central argument--that peer groups have more influence on children
than parents--is a belief-system marketing has been using for a long
time. A bloody interesting article, even though it provides more questions
than answers.
Goonasekera, Anura (1998), 'Children's voice in the media: a study
of children's television programmes in Asia', Media Asia 25 (3). Examines
what offered on TV to children aged between six and 15 in Asian countries.
Grindlay, Mark (1995), 'Generation X: tales from a marketing textbook',
New Zealand Political Review Nov/Dec. Scepticism on youth marketing
ploys.
Guilliatt, Richard (1997), 'Hey you...boy', Good Weekend (Sydney
Morning Herald), Nov 22. A rare defence of teenage boys and 'hanging
out'.
Harari, Fiona (1997), ' Buy, buy baby', The Australian Nov 26. Children
and branding.
Hardman, Jeremy (1998), 'Advertising to children', Admap May. Argues
that 'children are far from vulnerable when it comes to advertising'.
Faire enough but it should not be an excuse for laissez faire attitudes!
Hendry. Leo B., M.Kloep & S. Olsson (1998), 'Youth, lifestyles
and society: a class issue?', Childhood 5(2). Argues that lifestyle
socialisation for adolescents is still strongly grounded in social
class.
Hengst, Heinz (1997), 'Reconquering urban spots and spaces? Children's
public(ness) and the scripts of media industries', Childhood 4:4.
How the media shapes and assists concepts of where children play and
belong.
Hendry. Leo B., M.Kloep & S. Olsson (1998), 'Youth, lifestyles
and society: a class issue?', Childhood 5(2). Argues that lifestyle
socialisation for adolescents is still strongly grounded in social
class.
Hopkins, Susan (1995), 'Generation pulp', Youth Studies Australia
Spring. An examination of the the generation 'that defines itself
by entertainment discourse
Jeffres, Leo W. & David J. Atkin (1995), 'The impact of new and
traditional media on college student leisure preferences', World Communication
24:2 . Mixed results on what media young American students prefer.
Josephson, Wendy L. (1995), Television Violence: A Review of the
Effects on Children of Different Ages. [report for] Canadian Heritage.
A useful report and innovative in that it refuses to regard children
as a homogenous age group. More wide-ranging than some other reviews
of the literature but it is still not the full story.
Kennedy, Erin (1996), 'Chips censor kids' TV', The Dominion March
19. Backgrounds the v-chip, the US-initiated technological 'fix' for
a perceived problem.
Kirsh, Steven J. (1998), 'Seeing the world through Mortal Kombat-coloured
glasses: violent video games and the development of a short-term hostile
attribution bias', Childhood 5:2. Argues for a connnection between
playing violent video games and 'the development of a hostile attribution
bias'.
Kline, Stephen (1995), 'The play of the market: on the internationalization
of children's culture', Theory, Culture & Society 12. A very good
article on the spread of global marketing of toys.
LaFrance, J.P. (1997), 'Games and players in the electronic age',
Reseaux: The French Journal of Communication 4:2. ways of analysing
the use of video games by adults and children.
Losyk, Bob (1997), 'Generation X: what they think and what they plan
to do', The Futurist March-April. More on Gen-X.
Leonhardt, David (1997), 'Hey kid, buy this!', Business Week June
30. An interesting and surprisingly critical overview of marketing
to children.
Lynch, Andrew P. (1998), 'Youth control: young people and the politics
of hip hop graffiti in Aotearoa/New Zealand', New Zealand SOCIOLOGY
13(1). The clash between New Zealand subcultures and officialdom.
Lyons, Donald (1998), 'The long goodbye: fathers and sons and American
cinema', Film Comment July-Aug. Focuses on East of Eden and other
examples.
Mahy, Penny (1995), 'Short-changing the children', Listener Oct 21.
Criticism of current children's programming on NZ television.
McGee, Tom (1997), 'Getting inside kids' heads', American Demographics
Jan. Advice on marketing to children but little acknowledgement of
ethical issues.
McKie, David (1996), 'The engine of envy', The Guardian Dec 23. Children
and Christmas advertising in the UK.
Murray, Taima Anne (1997), 'Is our romantic view of childhood still
proper?, New Zealand Herald June 20. How children can learn from soaps
like Shortland Street. The only perspective of media in the lives
of children, in the Herald's otherwise excellent week-long special
on children.
O'Donovan, Cheryl (1997), 'The GX styles', Communication World Oct/Nov.
I am getting a bit sick of articles like this, repeating the same
old half-truths about the so-called 'Generation X'.
Oswell, David (1998), 'The place of 'childhood' in Internet content
regulation: A case study of policy in the YK', International Journal
of Cultural Studies 1(2). How policy decisions are made 'not in relation
to 'real'; children, but in relation to their representation and the
authority of those who claim to represent them'. A very good article!
Pasquier, Dominique (1996), 'Teens series' reception: television,
adolescence and culture of feelings', Childhood 3. The exploration
of values and relationships in television for French teens,.
Pecora, Norma (1995), 'Children and television advertising from a
social science perspective', Critical Studies in Mass Communication
12:3, Sept. Argues that much of the literature on children and TV
advertising lacks an acknowledgment of 'an increasingly sophisticated
perspective of the child'.
Potter, W. James & Ron Warren (1996), 'Considering policies to
protect children from TV violence', Journal of Communication 46(4),
Autumn. Describe three efforts in the US (the V-chip, programme ratings,
scheduling), arguing that 'the thinking behind each of these proposals
is fundamentally flawed'.
Press, Eyal (1996), 'Barbie's betrayal: the toy industry's broken
workers', The Nation Dec 30. How Mattel (the world's largest toy maker
with its recent acquisition of Tyco) treats its workers . In a word:
dreadfully!
Pryor, Cathy (1998), 'Discovery Generation', The Weekend Australian
Feb 28-March 1. How 'technology is transforming children's lives,
while parents struggle to keep up'.
Raney, Mardell (1997), 'Captain Kangaroo on children's TV', The Education
Digest May. An interview with a hero of US children's television.
Reese, Shelly (1997), 'Kids as ... Big Busine$$', The Education Digest
March. How advertisers target the $17 billion kids spend annually,
and the $170 billion adults fork out on their behalf.
Roger, Fred (1997), 'Mister Rogers on kids and technology', The Education
Digest April. Another hero of US children's television.
Ross, Chuck (1996), 'Children turning out TV in alarming numbers',
Advertising Age Oct 7. Alarm at the dramatic drop in children's viewing
of the US networks, with onlyNickelodeon on cvable TV bucking this
trend. One answer is provided in 'Kidvid puzzle' (Advertising Age
Oct 14), in 'an evident dearth of quality children's programming'.
Rushkoff, Douglas (1997), 'Screenagers: children of the remote control',
The Weekend Australian April 19-20. An extract from his Children of
Chaos: Surviving the End of the World as We Know It.
Stepp, Carl Sessions (1996), 'The X factor', American Journalism
Review Nov. This article asserts 'If newspapers hope to woo [Generation
Xers] they'll have to provide the content young readers are seeking,
stop sneering at youth culture and deliver the goods in a hip and
accessible way'.
Snyder, Beth (1998), 'Rivals attracted to Nickelodeon's sweet success',
Advertising Age Nov 9. Competitors attempting to copy the success
of the US children's cable channel.
Tait, Gordon, G.Kendall & B. Carpenter (1995), 'Youth, government
and violence in the media', Youth Studies Australia Spring. Examine
Australian government policy on media and youth.
Thompson, Teresa L. & E. Zerbinos (1995), 'Gender roles in animated
cartoons: has the picture changed in 20 years?', Sex Roles 32:9-10.
Compares gender representation in children's cartoons of the 1970s
with cartoons of the 1990s, finding that although there is some consistency
(eg male characters dominate) there is less stereotypical portrayal
of characters--particularly female characters.
Upitis, Rena (1998), 'From hackers to luddites, game players to game
creators: profiles of adolescent students using technology', Journal
of Curriculum Studies 30, 3. An interesting study of how young students
(in Ontario) use computers.
Valkenburg, Patti M. & J.W.J. Beentjes (1997), 'Children's creative
imagination in response to radio and television stories', Journal
of Communication 47)2), Spring. What children remember from radio
stories and television stories.
Wellwood, Elinore (1997), 'TV with X-Appeal', Waikato Times June
24. The sunden discovery of a 'youth market' on New Zealand television.
Williams, Sue (1997), 'Why bananas wear pyjamas', The Australian
March 10. How parental pressure is forcing children's programme-makers
to self-censor their output.
Wright, John C. et al (1995), 'Occupational portrayals on television:
children's role schemata, career aspirations, and percedptions of
reality', Child Development 66. Do young children get ideas about
what they want to be when they grow up from TV? They do and they don't.
Zanker, Ruth (1997), 'Children miss out in scramble for broadcasting
resources', New Zealand Herald June 6. The neglect of funding for
a range of programming for NZ children.
Zhao Bin (1996), 'The little emperors' small screeb: parental controland
children's television viewing in China', Media, Culture & Society,
v. 18 A companion piece to 'Young pioneers', co-authored with Graham
Murdock (Script 38). This article is just as good, examining the place
of television within the context of one-child Chinese family life.
Media and Ethnicity
Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca (1996), 'Equal opportunities?', Entertainment
Weekly Aug 16. The place of African-American actors in contemporary
film.
Bhandare, Namita (1997), 'The little big stars', India Today June
16. Television actors as stars in India.
Cottle, Simon (1998), 'Making ethnic minority programmes inside the
BBC: professionmal pragmatics and cultural containment', Media, Culture
& Society 20. An interesting study of programme making.
De Genova, Nick (1995), 'Gangster rap and nihilism in Black America',
Social Text 43, Fall. The 'immensely contradictory terrain' of contemporary
Black music.
Flores, Lisa A. & M.L. McPhail (1997), 'From black and white
to Living Color: a dialogic exposition into the social (re)construction
of race, gender, and crime', Critical Studies in Mass Communication,
March. Rethinking 'difference' in representations of race in the media.
Cottle, Simon (1998), 'Making ethnic minority programmes inside the
BBC: professionmal pragmatics and cultural containment', Media, Culture
& Society 20. An interesting study of programme making.
Frewen, Tom (1997), 'Conceived to fail - the ATN story', National
Business Review July 18. The sorry story of Aotearoa Television retold.
George, Diana & Susan Sanders (1995), 'Reconstructing Tonto:
cultural formations and American Indians in 1990s television fiction',
Cultural Studies 9(3). Argues that little has changed in respect of
representations of American Indian nations, even in programmes like
Twin Peaks and Northern Exposure.
Goodwin, Clayton (1997), 'Stars in our eyes', New African April.
The variety of roles 'African ladies' now have on British television.,p.
Giroux, Henry A. (1995), 'Racism and the aesthetic of hyper-real violence:
Pulp Fiction and other visual tragedies', Social Identities 1:2 .
Pulp Fiction, as a social text, seems to be increasingly used as an
exemplar of what is right or what is wrong about contemporary American
culture. This is one example-- another is Cook 'The dark side of camp'
in The Washington Monthly September 1995.
Gooding-Williams, Robert (1995), 'Disney in Africa and the inner
city: on race and space in The Lion King', Social Identities 1:2.
Challenges the objection that entertainment values and ideological
critiques in children's films must be kept apart, particularly in
portrayals of racial identity.
Halloran, James D. (1998), 'Ethnic minorities and television: a study
of use, reactions and preferences', Gazette 60(4). Explores the use
of and attitudes to television amongst 182 viewers, of Asian origin,
in Leicester (UK), suggesting that 'television was not seen as contributing
to the development of a multicultural society'.
Hinkson, Melinda (1996), 'The circus comes to Yuendumu, again', arena
magazine 25, Oct/Nov. A detailed story about the consequences of different
agendas, whenindigenous experiences and mainstream media collide--in
the case of Global TV (a subsidary of CNN) attempting to film the
use of video technology by the Warlpiri Media Association in Central
Australia.
Johnson, Melissa A. (1996), 'Latinas and television in the United
States: relationships among genre identification, acculturation, and
acculturation stress', The Howard Journal of Communication 7. Suggest
that English-language television in the US can play a positive role
in the adjustment of Hispanic women to mainstream society.
Matabane, Paula & Bishetta Merritt (1996), 'African Americans
on television: twenty-five years after Kerner', The Howard Journal
of Communication 7. How representation of African Americans have fared
on US television since the Kermer Commission recommendations of the
1960s.
McKee, Alan (1997), 'Marking the liminal for true blue Aussies: the
generic placement of Aboriginality in Australian soap opera', Australian
Journal of Communication 24 (1) . The representation of Aboriginal
characters in Australian soap drama.
Mogelonsky, Marcia (1998), 'Watching in tongues', American Demographics
April. The growing need for American television to serve ethnic diversity,
such as the 38 million US residents who don't speak English at home.
Ross, Karen (1997), 'Viewing (p)leasure, viewer pain: black audiences
and British television', Leisure Studies 16. Finds that black audiences
are 'both irritated and worried' by British television's representations
of ethnicity.
Sturma, Michael (1997), 'South Pacific', History Today 47(8). How
race and politics were portrayed in South Pacific (1958).
Wall, Melanie (1997), 'Stereotypical constructions of the Maori 'race'
in the media', New Zealand Geographer 53(2). The media and race relations
in New Zealand. It is interesting that geogrtaphy is movuing into
the cultural studies field but this article makes no mention of the
work by Sue Abel.
Media and Gender
Allan, Kenneth & Scott Coltrane (1996), 'Gender displaying television
commercials: a comparative study of television commercials in the
1950s and 1980s', Sex Roles 35:3/4. Suggests that there was 'changes
in the images of women but not men' in gender portrayals in American
TV commercials by the 1980s.
Alvarez, Maria (1998), 'Feminist icon in a catsuit', New Statesman
Aug 14. Celebrates the Emma Peels of television and real life.
Bachen, Christine M. & Eva Illouz (1996), 'Imagining romance:
young people's cultural models of romance and love', Critical Studies
in Mass Communication 13:4, Dec. How the romantic imagination of children
is shaped by what they see and hear, from an early age.
Bakewell, Joan (1996), 'Women on the edge', The Guardian Oct 14 .
The status of women working in the British TV industry.
Becker, Ron (1998), 'Prime-time television in the Gay Nineties: network
television, quality audiences, and gay politics', The Velvet Light
Trap 42, Fall. How the promise of a gay and lesbian market is driving
television programming.
Bell, Elizabeth (1996), 'Do you believe in fairies: Peter Pan, Walt
Disney and me', Women's Studies in Communication, 19:2 . A personal
story of Disney, Tinkerbell and one woman.
Campbell, Russell (1995), 'Dismembering the Kiwi Bloke: representations
of masculinity in Braindead, Desperate Remedies and The Piano', Illusions
24, Spring. A celebration of the death of the Kiwi Bloke in recent
NZ films.
Cremen, Christine (1998), 'Out they come, but it smakes of lip service',
The Australian Jan 12. Gay characters may be the fashion on television
but stereotypes persist. Daddario, Gina (1997), 'Gendered sports programming:
1992 Summer Olympic coverage and the feminine narrative form', Sociology
of Sport Journal 14. The parallels between soap opera narratives,
and the representation of Olympic sport.
Epstein, Debbie & D. L. Steinberg (1996), 'All het up! Rescuing
heterosexuality on the Oprah Winfrey Show', Feminist Review 54, Autumn.
How Oprah both 'problematizes' and 'normalizes' the boundaries of
heterosexuality.
Gamson, Joshua (1998), 'Publicity traps: television talk shows and
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender visibility', Sexualities 1(1).
Argues thayt US talkshows 'encourahe viewers to separate 'bad' sexualities
from 'good' ones'.
Goodsell, Lang (1996), Barbie is a bitch', Refractory Girl 50, Autumn.
A former Barbie owner traces her route to enlightenment.
Goodsell, Lang (1996), 'How much is that girlie in the window?',
Refactory Girl 51, Spring. This issue of the Australian feministjournal
contains a special section'Women and Media: Ads, lies and stereotypes'.Other
contributions include: 'Women and the media: some current policy issues',
'Sex, ads and stereotypes', 'A sticky business: tampons in the media',
and 'Mother is not a dirty word'.
Handy, Bruce (1997), 'Roll over, Ward Cleaver', Time April 14. A
review of 'The changing nature of sex' on American television, accompanying
a cover story about the 'coming-out' of Ellen DeGeneres (the character
and the the actor).
Hellman, Heikki (1996), 'A toy for the boys only? Reconsidering the
gender effects of video technology', European Journal of Commmunication
11 (1). Although use of the VCR still is largely male-dominated, it
may be changing in some countries and some circumstances.
Herrett-Skjellum, Jennifer & M. Allen (1995), 'Television programming
and sex stereotyping: a meta-analysis', Communication Yearbook 19.
A useful review of North American research.
Jacobs, A. J. (1996), 'Out', Entertainment Weekly Oct 4. The will
she/won't she? story of the lead character in the US sitcom Ellen.
Larson, Mary Strom (1996), 'Sex roles and soap operas: what adolescents
learn about single motherhood', Sex Roles 35:1/2. Investigates thethe
contribution of US daytime television soap operas to the perception
of the rolesand lifestyle of the single mother.
Lumby, Catharine (1997), 'Girls and the New Media', Meanjin 1. An
optimistic view of girls and technology.
McRobbie, Angela (1997), 'Bridging the gap: feminism, fashion and
consumption', Feminist Review 55, Spring. Argues for integration of
critical perspectives on production and consumption, in order to fully
comprehend the role of fashion in womens' lives.
Minkowitz, Donna (1996), 'Xena: She's Big, Tall, Strong--and Popular',
Ms. July/Aug. Why TV's Xena: Warrior Princess (New Zealand's Lucy
Lawless) is such a big hit with American feminists.
Nathanson, Amy I., E.M. Perse & D.A. Ferguson (1997), 'Gender
differences in television use: an exploration of the Instrumental
Expressive Dichotomy', Communication Research Reports 14:2. Tends
to support the contention that males and females watch television
differently, and for different purposes.
Powell, Sian (1997). 'Double standard time', Weekend Australian Sept
13-14. How female news presenters fare on Australian television.
Ross, Karen & Annabelle Sreberny-Mohammadi (1997), 'Playing house--gender.
politics and the news media in Britain', Media, Culture & Society
19. Research on the relationship between female Labour MP's and the
British media.
Schwarzbaum, Lisa (1995), 'We're gonna make it after all', Working
Woman October. On the 25th anniversary of The Mary Tyler Moore Show,
this article argues that television is offering better roles for professional
women than the movies.
Sieghart, Mary Ann (1997), 'Woman's work' , The Guardian June 30.
The experiences of female journalists in the British newspaper industry.
'Swifter, higher, stronger, dearer', The Economist July 20, 1996.
Who wins in the partnership between television and sport?
Thompson, Teresa L. & Eugenia Zerbinos (1997), 'Television cartoons:
do children notice it's a boy's world?', Sex Roles 36:5/6. Children
do observe differences in the way male and female characters are portrayed
in television cartoons.
Wald, Gayle (1998), 'Just a Girl? Rock music, feminism, and the cultural
construction of female youth', Signs: Journal of Women in Culture
and Society 23, 3. Examines contemporary female rock musicians' representations
of girls, girlhood and 'girl culture'.
Williams, Sue (1996), 'Bias against women: the ugly side of television',
The Weekend Australian Nov 30-Dec 1. How women female presenters on
Australian TV get a raw deal, in contrast to US television. From a
forthcoming book Broad Casting: Women in Australian TV and Radio
Yeates, Helen (1996), 'Cracking the code: masculinities and desire'.
Paper presented atthe ATOM National Media Education Conference, Brisbane.
Investigates the celebration of the aging, over-weight malein contemporary
TV drama(Sipowiczin NYPD Blue and Fitz in Cracker). By some accounts,
this was one of the best papers at Brisbane.
Media and Politics
Andersen, Michael Bruun (1997), 'Television, political culture and
the identity of citizenship', Critical Arts 11, 1-2. The role of television
in Zimbabwe.
Barnett, Steven (1997), 'New media, old problems: new technology
and the political process', European Journal of Communication 12 (2).
Doubts about the ability of new media to seriously challenge existring
power structures.
Eksterowicz, Anthony J., R. Roberts & A. Clark (1998), 'Public
journalism and public knowledge', Press/Politics 3(2). Journalists
as champions of political and social reform.
McQuail, Denis (1997, 'Accountability of media to society: principles
and means', European Journal of Communication 12(4). Theoretical frameworks
for reconciling media freedoms with private and public interests.
Scott, Jane (1997), 'Communication campaigns and the neo-liberal
policy agenda', Media, Culture & Society 19. The often ambiguous
role of the media in recent political change in New Zealand.
Street, John (1997), 'Remote control? Politics, technology and 'Electronic
Democracy'', European Journal of Communication 12(1). Competing claims
about the political consequences of the Internet.
van Zoonen, Liesbet (1998), 'A day at the zoo: political communication,
pigs and popular culture', Media, Culture & Society 20. The tensions
between politics and popular culture.
Media and Sport
Andrews, D.L., Carrington, B., Jackson, S.J. & Z. Mazur (1996),
'Jordanscapes: a preliminary analysis of the global popular', Sociology
of Sport Journal 13. An excellent examination of the global and local,
using Michael Jordan as the 'vivid example'. Includes case studies
from New Zealand (Steven Jackson), Poland and Britain.
Araton, Harvey (1998), 'Bizball', The New York Times Magazine Oct
18. The business of US professional sport and television rights. Includes
a useful spread on the ownership networks of media conglomerates.
Barnett, Steven (1996), 'Who stole sport?', The Age [Melbourne] August
22. The role of television and Rupert Murdoch in shaping the economics
of sport.
Boyle, Raymond & Richard Haynes (1996), 'The grand old game':
football, media and identity in Scotland', Media, Culture & Society,
v. 18. This issue of Media, Culture & Society focuses on 'Sport,
Media and Globalisation' and features interesting articles such asthis
one on the conjunctions between national sport and globalisation.
Butler, Daniel (1996), 'Sky's limits', Accountancy-International
Edition April. Rupert Murdoch's BSkyB and its control of British sport.
Donnelly, Peter (1996), 'The local and the global: globalizationin
the sociology of sport', Journal of Sport & Social Issues 23,
Aug. A review of the central ideas of the local/global debate, with
an emphasis on the international spread of American-style sport.
Elliott, Stuart (1998), 'TV sports lose some of their power to reach
America's men', New York Times Oct 26. Televised sport does not seem
to be the sure bet it used to be with American males.
Heeringa, Vincent (1997), 'The commercialisation of sport', The Independent
July 11. The ties between New Zealand sport and marketing grow tighter.
Hope, Wayne (1996), 'Whaddarya? The political economy of professional
rugby', New Zealand Political Review July/August. The consequences
of rugby-for-sale.
Jackson, Steven J. (1998), 'Life in the (mediated) Faust lane: Ben
Johnson, national affect and the 1988 crisis of Canadian identity',
International Review for the Sociology of Sport 33/3. Writing from
New Zealand, Jackson examines issues of sport and national well-being.
Jennings, Andrew (1996), 'Ring toss: how Olympic insiders betray
the public trust', The Nation July 29/Aug 5. The author of The New
Lord of the Rings repeats his attacks on the IOC.
Keane, Shani (1995), 'Male groin strains get a guernsey as female
world champions are ignored', Refractory Girl 49, Spring. Women's
sports still being ignored by the Australian media.
Kellner, Douglas (1996), 'Sports, media culture, and race--some reflections
on Michael Jordan', Sociology of Sport Journal 13. More on MJ, from
a special issue devoted to the man.
Korporaal, Glenda (1997), 'The big bucks in TV sport aren't for loses',
Sydney Morning Herald Nov 17. Pay-TV and sporting rights in Britain.
McGregor, Adrian (1997), 'Televised sport is just soap opera for
blokes', The Weekend Australian March 22-23. Just as I have always
said! A report of a conference paper 'Rugby League battles as male
soap opera' by Australians David Rowe and Jim McKay.
Rowe, David (1996), 'The global love-match: sport and television',
Media, Culture & Society, v. 18. A familiar name in the growing
body of writing on media and sport. This article focuses on the symbiotic
(or parasitic?) relationship of sport and television, using the case
of Australian rugby league.
Sabo, Don et al (1996), 'Televising international sport: race, ethnicity,
and nationalistic bias', Journal of Sport & Social Issues21, February.
An interesting content analysis of 340 hours of 7 televised international
athletic events. Findings include little evidence of negative representations
of Black athletes but cultural stereotyping of Asian athletes.
'Swifter, higher, stronger, dearer', The Economist July 20, 1996.
Who wins in the partnership between television and sport?
Tomlinson, Alan (1996), 'Olympic spectacle: opening ceremonies and
some paradoxes of globalization', Media, Culture & Society v.
18. An interesting analysis of the Olympics as a social production,
ranging across opening spectacles from the 1984 Los Angeles Games,
to Lillehammer 1994.
Tran, Mark (1997), 'Sport gets the hard sell', The Guardian June
2. Marketing in contemporary sport.
Wilson, Helen (1996), 'What is an Olympic city? Visions of Sydney
2000', Media, Culture & Society v. 18. Backgroundsthe political
manoeuverings in preparation for the SydneyOlympics and where the
International Broadcasting Centre fits in.
Media and Sexuality
Healy, Murray (1995), 'Were we being served? Homosexual representation
in popular British comedy', Screen 36.3, Autumn. A reassessment of
camp sensibilities in Are You Being Served? and the Carry On series.
Media Education
Ahrens, Frank (1997), 'Parents get tuned in to kids' TV', Washington
Post March 18. A parent/school initiative in media education in Maryland.
Archer, Steve (1996), 'Pop, pleasure and pedagogy', The English &
Media Magazine 34, Summer. Teaching pop music for Media Studies GCSE.
Armitage, Catherine (1998), 'Pop makes the grade', Weekend Australian
Sept 12-13. The proposed NSW Higher School Certificate is likely to
include examination of contemporary media, and media events, taking
their place alongside Shakespeare.
Bazalgette, Cary (1996), 'Beyond the province of enthusiasts: re-establishing
media education', The English & Media Magazine 34, Summer. A keynote
address to a conference of English teachers identifies the problems
and possibilities of media education.
Bazalgette, Cary (1995), 'Not all the news is fit to print', TES
December 15. The 'dangerous delusion' of continuing to regard print
as the dominant medium for teaching.
Bowker, Julian (1995), 'Research into media literacy/education: the
second wave - now it's started what next? Paper to the National Media
Literacy Conference, Boone NC, Sept. Julian describes his on-going
research on initiatives in media learning in British schools. (Note:this
is only paper I brought back from Boone--actual papers were scarce)
Bragg, Sara (1995), 'It Makes You Feel Like A Man': teaching and
watching horror', The English & Media Magazine 32, Summer. A British
teacher argues for teaching hoprror film in the classroom, starting
from the social use of such films by her students.
Buckingham, David (1996), 'Critical pedagogy and media education:
a theory in search of a practice', Journal of Curriculum Studies 28:6.
Examines recent theoretical work on 'critical pedagogy' and its relationship
to media education and classroom practice.Probably the best person
to write on such matters!
Buckingham, David (1996), 'The last big thing?', Media Education
Journal 20, Summer. Continues the refrain of the article above, arguing
that 'it is vital that media educators continue to examine their own
practice', particularly since 'the distinctions between videos, computer
games, movies, TV shows, advertisements and prinred media have become
increasingly irrelevant'.
Buckingham, David (1998), 'Media education in the UK: moving beyond
protectionism', Journal of Communication Winter. The history of media
education in the vUK, in a special issue of JoC devoted to perspectives
on media education.
Burgess, Marya (1998), 'A Mickey Mouse degree?', The Times Higher
May 15. Examines the persistent prejudice in journalism against media
studies.
Cole, George (1995), 'Putting the viewer in control', TES Oct 27.
The success of video-on-demand trials in British schools.
Coughlan, Sean & G. Macdonald (1996), 'Parties offer stake in
future', TES May 10. A report on a TES/BFI conference on education
and the moving image.
Cuff, John Haslett (1996), 'Media-literacy guru needs an angel',
The Globe and Mail Dec 2. Canada's national newspaper profiles the
work of media educator John Pungente, andthe uncertain future his
Jesuit Communication Project faces.
Davies, Andrew (1995), 'TV/Film Masterclass', TES Aug 25. Advice
on scripting film and television drama from a noted screenwriter.
One of a series called 'Masterclass'--other were on writing novels,
short stories and children's fiction.
Flood, James & D. Lapp (1994), 'Broadening the lens: toward an
expanded conceptualization of literacy'. In Perspectives On Literacy
Research and Practice. Forty-fourth Yearbook of The National Reading
Conference An interesting contribution to a forum dominated by print,
which argues for teaching both with and about media.
Gold, Karen (1996), 'Testing the tube in class', TES May 17. A British
school experiment in interactive television.
Henry, Neil (1998), 'Journalism education: a lost cause?', The Chronicle
of Higher Education Sept 25. Argues that the current state of the
US news media seldom set a good example to those entering the profession.
Hobbs, Renee (1998), 'The Seven Great Debates in the Media Literacy
movement', Journal of Communication Winter. Why North Americans fail
to agree on what media education is, or should be.
Holt, Maurice (1996), 'The making of Casablanca and the making of
curriculum', Journal of Curriculum Studies 28:3. An unusual article,
which uses the process of film-making as a model for creating effective
and popular curr iculum change.
Hooper, Robert A. (1997), 'teaching film and television in developing
nations: a Malaysian case study', Journal of Film and Video 48.4,
Winter. Useful for teaching with foreign students.
Hotere, Andrea (1996), 'Shortland end of the stick', NZ Education
Review, Sept 27-Oct 3. An interview with Barbara Cairns, co-author
of Shortland Street: Production, Text and Audience, presenting the
case for media teaching.
Holt, Maurice (1996), 'The making of Casablanca and the making of
curriculum', Journal of Curriculum Studies 28:3 . An unusual article,
which uses the process of film-making as a model for creating effective
and popular curr iculum change.
Jenkins, Henry (1998), 'Empowering children in the digital age: towards
a radical media pedagogy', Radical Teacher 50. One of the best articles
on media teaching to appear for some time--all the more surprising
that it comes from an American source, as it avoids over-simplication
and the usual alarms. Highly recommended! This isue of Radical Teacher
is devoted to Media Studies, with articles by Alexandra Juhasz 'Making
AIDS video as radical pedagogy', Gene Michaud 'Class conflicts: teaching
the war film', David Owen and Charles Silet 'Changing perception,
not just channels, in the heartland: teaching television's teaching',
Peter Lemish & Devorah feldash 'Exposing indifference'
Kirshner, Jonathan (1996), 'Alfred Hitchcock and the art of research',
PS: Political Science & Politics Sept. An uunusual approach to
teaching graduate research, using Hitchcock's approach to film production
as an exemplar.
Kouvaros, George (1997), 'On dangerous ground: film studies in Australia',
Screen 38:1, Spring. The unstable state of academic film studies in
Australia.
Landy, Marcia (1997), 'Film and English/American studies: what are
we doing in an English department?', Critical Quarterly 39:1. The
difficulties of finding a comfortable home for film studies.
Ljunggren, Carsten (1996), 'Education, media and democracy: on communication
and the nature of the public in the light of John Dewey, Walter Lippmann
and the discussion of modernity', Journal of Curriculum Studies 28:1,
Jan-Feb. A very long-winded title for long discussion of media education
in Swedish schools.
Mastrolia, Barbara Ann (1997), 'The media deprivation experience:revealing
mass media as both message and massage', Communication eEducation
46, July. The idea that you can sensitise student to media by depriving
them of it.
Megee, Mary (1997), 'Students need media literacy: the new basic',
The Education Digest September. Approaches to media education in the
USA.
Newell, A.R. (1995), 'Video production: process not product', Journal
of Educational Television 21:3 . Argues for process in student video
production, with the final product a secondary outcome.
O'Hara, John (1996), 'The communications race', Campus Review March
14-20 . The former head of the Australian Film, Television & Radio
School (now at Charles Sturt University) gives his views on communication
education, in a Campus Review special report on 'Media'.
Pearson, Mark (1998), 'Weighed down by popular demand', The Australian
May 13. The popularity of communication studies and media studies
in Australia.
Puig, Claudia (1995), 'Teaching children to watch TV', Los Angeles
Times Aug 31. A report on media literacy initiatives in the US makes
the front page of the LA Times (a fair report too!)
Reynolds, Terry (1995), 'Boys and English: so what's the problem?',
The English & Media Magazine 33, Autumn. Not strictly about media
education but a very good article on the problems and possibilities
of getting boys to read. One explanation offered is that it has a
lot to do with English teachers'expectations of what is 'acceptable'
reading.
Richards, Chris (1995), 'Popular music and media education', Discourse:
studies in the cultural politics of education 16:3. Argues that media
education should more actively engage with popular music--'as a domain
for the production of social identities'.
Shuker, Roy (1995), 'Media education and media literacy'. Paper to
the NZ Association for Research in Education conference, Massey University.
A review of the current state of media teaching in New Zealand.
Simons, Michael & Jenny Grahame (1998), 'Remission Impossible:
teaching old soaps in a new pack', The English & Media Magazine
No. 38, Summer. Describes a new teaching resource for teaching continuing
drama.
Watson, Chris (1996), 'Media Studies and the curriculum', New Zealand
Annual Review of Education 5: 1995. Although more about media education
than Media Studies, this provides a very good analysis of developments
in courses and evaluation in New Zealand.
Williams, Sue (1997), 'The rise of the televisionary', The Australian
March 12. A profile of Rod Bishop, head of the Australian Film, Television
and Radio School. He explains how the AFTRS is now putting more emphasis
on television production.
Media-International
Attwood, Alan (1996), 'The incredible expanding Rupert', The Age
(Melbourne), August 22. The global empire of Rupert Murdoch and his
expansionist plans.
Brewster, Deborah (1997), 'Double whammy kinks BSkyB's orbit', The
Weekend Australian June 21-22. The problems of satellite TV in Europe.
Cooper, Peter (1997), 'Western at the weekends', Admap October. How
Asian teengers live a double life.,p. During, Simon (1997), 'Popular
culture on a global scale: a challenge for Cultural Studies?', Critical
Inquiry 23, Summer. An interesting essay which argues that 'The global
popular weakens academics capacity to make political judgements of
cultural artifacts'.
Farhi, Paul & Megan Rosenfeld (1998), 'American pop penetrates
worldwide', Washington Post Oct 25. How American popular culture obliterates
borders. This is a three-part series, which includes Shaton Waxman
on 'Hollywood attuned to world markets'.
Fiske, John (1997), 'Global, national, global? Some problems of culture
in a postmodern world', The Velvet Light Trap 40, Fall. How 'interlocalism'
(social formations and cultures crossing borders) can counter homogenising
globalisation.
Ferguson, Marjorie (1995), 'Media, markets, and identities: reflections
on the global-local dialectic', Canadian Journal of Communication
20. Examines recurrent issues in debates about the 'conditions and
processes of globalism and localism with regard to problems of multiple
meaning, relations, and relative power'.
Gunkel, David J. & A.H. , (1997), 'Virtual geographies: the new
worlds of cyberspace', Critical Studies in Mass Communication 14.
Employs a well-used metaphor (eg Wark) and a cultural studies approach
to discourses about new means of communication.
Isofides, Petros (1997), 'Methods of measuring media concentration',
Media, Culture & Society 19. European strategies for assessing
concentrations of ownership and media territories.
Kirby, Michael (1996), 'The impact of global media on the rule of
law',Media Asia 23:3. A Justice of the High Court of Australia expands
on the implications of cross-border technology.
Patience, Allan (1998), 'Warming to a global society', AQ Sept-Oct.
Argues that 'Globalisation ... is a humanly contrived combination
of factors, some good, others evil. We have to discriminate between
the good and bad elements and work closely with the former to benefit
ourselves and the world at large'.
Rothkopf, David (1997),'In praise of cultural imperialism?', Foreign
Policy Summer. An unapologetic call to acknowledge the US as the best
model nation.
Stenger, Josh (1997), 'Consuming the planet: Planet Hollywood, stars,
and the global consumer culture', The Velvet Light Trap 40, Fall.
How the Planet Hollywood chain assist in the American colonisation
of the world.
Tracey, Michael & W.W. Redal (1995), 'The new parochialism: the
triumph of the populist in the flow of international television',
Canadian Journal of Communication 20. Uses the 'paradoxical case'
of Canadian television viewing, to argue for a revision of traditional
patterns of distribution of international television.
Media Theory
Casetti, Francesco (1996), 'Communicative situations: the cinema
and the television situation', Semiotica 112-1/2. An interesting comparison
on how we receive and perceive film and television texts.
Harms, John B. & David R. Dickens (1996), 'Postmodern Media Studies:
analysis or symptom?', Critical Studies in Mass Communication 13.
A useful review of the strengths and weaknesses of PM sensibilities.
Frith, Simon (1997), 'The good, the bad and the ugly choices', The
Australian April 9. The noted music sociologist argues, wisely and
coherently, for 'value judgements' across all strands of cultural
consumption.
Hoover, Stewart M. & Shalini S. Venturelli (1996), 'The category
of the religious: the blindspot of contemporary media theory", Critical
Studies in Mass Communication 13. Argues that media theory must take
account of 'the realms of meaning, ontology and cultural practice
traditionally in the province of religion'.
Lewis, Justin (1997), 'What counts in media studies', Media, Culture
& Society 19. Lewis argues for greater use of quantitative research
in cultural studies, to test theory against empirical data.
Liebes, Tamar (1996), 'Notes on the struggle to define involvement
in television viewing', Reseaux: the French Journal of Communication
4:1. An analysis of the 'open text' and levels of engagement.
Loshitzky, Yosefa (1996), 'Travelling culture/travelling television',
Screen 37:4, Winter. An interesting perspective on television and
globalisation.
McRobbie, Angela (1997), 'Let's hear it for cultural studies', New
Stateman Feb 14. A spirited defence of cultstuds.
Mehl, Dominique (1996), 'The television of intimacy: meeting a social
need', Reseaux: the French Journal of Communication 4:1. The articulation
of intimacy and personal experience on French TV.
Roach, Colleen (1997), 'Cultural imperialism and resistence in media
theory and literary theory', Media, Culture & Society 19. Citing
John Fiske's shift to cultural 'struggle', away from his celebration
of 'resistence', this article calls for greater engagement with political
action.
Salomon, Gavriel (1997), 'Of mind and media: how culture's symbolic
forms affect learning and thinking', Phi Delta Kappan Jan. Examines
how different symbolic forms of representation are processed and understood
by different sets of mental skills and capacities.
Media Violence and standards
'A look at..The new TV ratings', Washington Post Jan 5 1997. A group
of 7-14 year old Americans talk about their understanding of the age-based
television rating system on US television.
Amis, Martin (1996), 'Violence as an art form', The Weekend Australian
Nov 30-Dec 1. Reprinted from Screen Violence, a collection by Karl
French.Astrongly-argued, intelligent defence of representations of
violence in film.
Barratt, Jim (1997), 'Video rights and wrongs: teenagers' attitudes
to video classification in Britain', The English & Media Magazine
36, Summer. Argues for alternatives to increased censorship, based
for on the perceptions of users than institutions.
Billen, Andrew (1996), 'We have no faith in the law. Could it be
because our police are watching the box not wisely, but too well?',
New Statesman Oct 25. Morality in 1990s TV police drama.
Bogart, Leo (1998), 'Should the V-chip fall where it may?', Television
Quarterly 3. Arguing for a techno-fix for perceived problems.
Boyle, Ian (1996), 'The sounds of violence', arena magazine Oct-Nov.
A long-serving television sound technician gives his views on violence
in the movies.
Bragg, Sara (1997), 'Teaching TV violence critical approaches', The
English & Media Magazine 36, Summer. A critique of one British
approach to teaching a contentious subject. ,p. Browne, David (1997),
'Must bleed TV', Entertainment Weekly Jan 24. The last refuge of action-adventure
TV, on US cable and syndication.
Buckingham, David & Julian Sefton-Green (1997), 'From regulation
to education? Sex, violence and censorship', The English & Media
Magazine 36, Summer. The problems of using media education as a cure-all
for perceived problems.,p. Cerone, Daniel H (1995), 'TV Networks'
handling of violence praised by study', Los Angeles Times. Sept. 20.
A report on the year-long study by the UCLA Center for Communication
Policy on television representations ov violence in the USA. The networks
are described as "generally responsible" buyt children's programmning
is strongly criticised.
Chiricos. Ted, S. Eschholz & M. Gertz (1997), 'Crime, news and
fear of crime: towards an identification of audience effects', Social
Problems 44:3, August. Extensive research of Florida citizens suggests
that fear of crime generated by TV news coverage is only significant
for white females between the ages of 30 and 54.
Cockburn, Alexander (1996), 'When US politicians get fired up about
screen violence, it has to be election year', New Statesman &
Society May 17. The title says it all!
Dargis, Manohla (1997). 'Sleeping with guns', Sight and Sound May.
Film-maker Wim Wenders talks violence on the screen and his new film
The End of Violence.
Dessart, George (1997), 'Reflections on the V-Chip', Television Quarterly
28:3. A commentary on regulation in the USA, by a former VP of CBS.
In July, another network (NBC) announced that it was boycotting any
further extension of TV content ratings.
Dietz, Tracy L. (1998), 'An examination of violence and gender role
portrayals in video games: implications for gender socialization and
aggressive behavior', Sex Roles 38:5/6. Rather predictable findings,
that conclude that male characters and agressive characters dominate
video games.
Dutka, Elaine (1995), 'Debate on violence in films intensifies',
Los Angeles Times Nov 29. The focus this time is the Columbia Pictures
Money Train which has attracted little criticism in New Zealand.
Dworkin, Andrea (1996), 'Slicing the baby in half', The Times Higher,
Nov 1 A n extended review of a new collection Screen Violence, edited
by Karl French. Even though Dworkin's own views intrude more than
they should, it does not sound like a good book.
Farhi, Paul (1996), 'Is TV pulling its punches?', The Washington
Post Oct 16. Reports on the 1996 UCLA study of representations of
violence on American network TV which concludes that network TV programmes
are becoming less violent.
Felson, Richard B. (1996), 'Mass media effectson violent behavior',
Annual Review of Sociology 22. Yet another review of the literature
on the effect of exposure to media violence,arguing that it 'probably
does have a small effect on violent behavior for some viewers, possibly
because the media direct viewer's attention to novel forms of violent
behavior that they would not otherwise consider.'
Groebel, Jo (1998), 'The UNESCO Global Study on Media Violence' A
joint project of UNESCO, the World Organization of the Scout Movement,
and Utrecht University. These kind of reports keep coming, saying
pretty much the same things again, but nothing much happens in the
area of policy and media education.
Harvey, Sylvia (1998), 'Doing it my way--broadcasting regulation
in capitalist cultures: the case of 'fairness' and 'impartiality'',
Media, Culture & Society 20. Addresses the fundamental question
'Why regulate broadcasting?'.
Herd, Juliet (1996), 'Crash: art or erotic trash?', The Weekend Australian
Nov 30-Dec 1. Controversy in Britain over the new David Cronenberg
film Crash.
Hepburn, Mary A. (1997), 'TV violence: a medium's effects under scrutiny',
Social Education 61:5, September. A fairly predictable review of North
American effects research. The Classroom Focus insert 'Media literacy
and violence' is better.
Holley, Joe (1996), 'Should the coverage fit the crime?', CJR May/June.
How a Texas TV station is attempting to avoid or downplay sensational
and excessive reporting of crime and public violence.
Kurtz, Howard (1997), 'Violence on TV: a lot of it is on the Network
News', Washington Post Aug 12. Content analysis that while the actual
homicide rate in the USA is falling, stories on crime are increasing
on TV news (by over 700% in the period 1993-1996).
Levin, Diane E. & N. Carlsson-Paige (1996), 'Disempowering the
Power Rangers'', The Education Digest May. Teacher opinions about
the contentious Rangers. Isn't it a pity though that children are
seldom asked for their opinion?
Meade, Amanda (1998), 'No sex please', The Australian June 24. Political
pressure behind the demise of the Australian programme Sex/Life.
Miller, David & Greg Philo (1996), 'Against orthodoxy: the media
DO influence us', Sight and Sound Dec. Really tilting at straw men
as there is no 'orthodoxy' that argues that the media has No influence.
The argument is more about the degree or importance of such influence.
Murray, Matthew (1997), 'Technological thresholds: the V-Chip, the
family and media regulation', Convergence3:1, Spring. A fuller examination
of media regulation which argues that solutions such as the V-Chip
just 'privilege certain viewers' values over others'.
Patel, Kam (1995), 'Crime, lives and videotape', The Times Higher
Oct 27. Film-makers David Puttnam and Michael Winner provide opposing
views on the influence of violence in the movies.
Potter, W. James (1997), 'The problem of indexing risk of viewing
television aggression', Critical Studies in Mass Communication 14,
Sept. Argues that a ratings system for television violence 'is not
just a simple solution; it is simple-minded'.
'Real violence and TV', Washington Post March 3 1997. One example
of rampant stupidity in the 'television violence' debate, when a US
congressman aired his views on 'the violence..and nudity' after a
TV screening of Schindler's List..
Sander, Igo (1997), 'How violent is TV violence? An empirical investigation
of factors influencing viewers' perceptions of TV violence', European
Journal of Communication 12(1). An imaginative and persausive examination
of how viewers perceive this thing called 'TV violence'. It shifts
the focus away from research definitions, to those who watch the programmes.
Recommended reading (even if it is very long!
Shales, Tom (1997), 'TV ratings: G is for give them a chance', Washington
Post March 9. Shales argues that attacks on the new TV ratings system
are premature.
Shoesmith, Brian (1998), 'No sex! No violence! No news! Satellite
and cable television in China', Media Asia 25:1. Interrogates the
Australian documentary No Sex! No Violence! No News!
Soothill, Keith (1998), 'Crime and the media: a vicious circle?',
AQ March-April. Reviews the literature and arguments over the connections
between violent content in the media, and violence in society.
Stossel, Scott (1997), 'The man who counts the killings', Atlantic
Monthly May. A profile of George Gerbner and his Cultural Indicastors
project; the dominant research paradigm which is being interrogated
in the article above.
Turnbull, Sue (1997). 'On looking in the wrong places: Port Arthur
and the media violence debate', AQ 69:1. The title of this article
is self-explanatory, as a challenge to predictable responses to the
1996 mass killings in Tasmania. The saddest image in this piece is
the image of killer Martin Bryant regularly flying around the world,
in order to have someone to talk to in the next seat.
'The V-Chip: Where do we go from here? The reality of television
ratings in the United States'. Children Now . One
of a series of briefings hosted by Children Now's Children and the
Media program. Lobbyists and industry representatives discuss the
rights and wrongs of the V-Chip, as a technological fix for a perceived
problem. (On this subject, who were the Labour Party listening to
when they decided to include the V-Chip in their1996 Broadcasting
Policy statement?)
Wood, Julian (1996), 'Screen violence still a maze', small screen
109,Oct. A report on a 1996 conference on the media, organised by
the British Board of Film Censors.
Music
Banks, Jack (1997), 'MTV and the globalization of popular culture',
Gazette 59(1). The role of MTV in fostering and exploiting an international
youth culture.
Banks, Jack (1998), 'Video in the machine: the incorporation of music
video into the recording industry', Popular Music 16/3. The influence
of the music video and MTV , and further concentration of power, in
contemporary popular music.
Barber, Lynden (1997), 'Decomposing rock', Weekend Australian Oct
11-12. Argues that record companies releasing 'new' songs by dead
artists is 'merely a form of musical necrophilia'.
Barnett, Antony (1996), 'Who calls the tune?', New Zealand Herald
March 9. Ownership and control in the British music industry (from
The Observer).
Bowles, Scott (1997), 'For the record: a vinyl revival', Washington
Post Feb 10. How vinyl albums are making some kind of come-back against
CDs.
Breen, Marcus (1995), 'The end of the world as we know it: popular
music's cultural mobility', Cultural Studies 9(3). Applies research
and analysis methods developed in institutional economics to patterns
of ownership and control in contemporary popular music.
Breen, Marcus (1998), 'Evolving at speed: theorizing popular music
in the digital age', Society and Leisure 21:1. A complex analysis
that argues for a significant transformation in the consumption of
poular music, 'moving from mass consumption to electronically mediated,
singular, domesticated engagement'.
Buchanan, Ian (1997), 'Deleuze and popular music, or, Why is there
so much 80s music on radio today?', Social Semiotics 7:2. Using Deleuze
to explain why people 'want to listen to the same song over and over
again'
Capling,Ann (1996), 'Gimme Shelter', arena magazine 21 Feb/March.
Globalisation and Australian popular music.
Chunn, Mike (1998), 'Give us NZ songs to sing', The Dominion July
13. Predicts diaster for the New Zealand music industry in wake of
the repeal of parallel import restrictions.
The Cult of the DJ: A Symposium. Social Text 43, Fall 1995. A panel
discuusion from a 1994 conference A to the K: New Directions in Popular
Music. Interesting stuff!
Dettmar, Kevin J.H. (1998),'An introduction to postmodernism: just
let them hear some of that rock 'n' roll music', The Chronicle of
Higher Education, Sept 25. Teaching popular music to undergraduates.
Elder, Bruce (1997), 'Pop goes everywhere', New Zealand Herald Oct
25. An Australian music critic argues that pop music is 'the pre-eminent
artistic form of the 20th century'.
Este, Jonathan (1997), 'Rock dinosaurs defy extinction', The Australian
Aug 20. The detritus of rock'n'roll history.
Frank, Thomas (1998), 'Variations on a descending theme: pop music
in the shadow of irony', Harper's Magazine March. Incursions of high-brow
thinking in popular music.
Gow, Joe (1996), 'Reconsidering gender roles on MTV: depictions in
the most popular music videos of the early 1990s', Communication Reports
9:2, Summer. Argues that music videos still under-represent and misrepresent
women.
Hakanen, Ernest A. (1998), Counting down to number one: the evolution
of the meaning of popular music charts', Popular Music 17/1. How pop
charts are more to do with marketing than popular taste.
Jinman, Richard (1997), 'Pop is dead, long live pop', The Australian
Magazine Feb 15-16. A retort to the misplaced attacks on popular music
by right-wing British philosopher Roger Scruton.
Megalogenis, George (1997), 'Industry discord', Weekend Australian
Oct 25-26. Disputes in the Australian music industry over the deregulation
of the CD market.
Mitchell, Tony & Roy Shuker (1997), 'Music scenes and national
identity: popular music and the press in Aotearoa/New Zealand', New
Zealand Sociology 12 (1), May. An excellent example of cross-Tasman
cooperation in media research, in a study of the links between popular
music and print media in New Zealand. 'Music makers play for TV time',
Broadcasting & Cable September 1 1997. Music on US cable television.
Rawsthorn, Alice (1997), 'What I wanna, wanna, really wannabe', National
Business Review Oct 24. Asks 'how long can the Spice Girls maintain
their phenomenal sales record?' It would seem for at least another
few months, if the merchandising associated with Spice World is any
indication.
Scott,Jody (1997), 'Golden oldies retain pulling power at top of
the all-time pop chart', The Weekend Australian July 5-6. The Seekers
and John Farnham still top tables of top-selling Aussie albums.
Shedden, Iain (1998), 'Chart choppers', The Australian July 8. How
the pop charts persist, to encourage record sales.
Sly, Lesley (1998), 'The X in success', The Bulletin Oct 27. Winners
and losers in the Australian music scene.
Stewart, Cameron (1997), 'Elvis gets a facelift', The Australian
Magazine (The Weekend Australian), July 5-6. Describes attempts to
'clean-up' the image of Elvis by something called Elvis Presley Enterprises.
Wilson-Brown, Carrie & Cameron McCarthy (1995), 'The organization
of affect: popular music, youth and intellectual and political life--an
interview with Larry Grossberg', Discourse: studies in the cultural
politics of education 16:3. A renowned figure in cultural studies
ponders on music, life and meaning.
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